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Qho ngonyaka nge-19 ka-Novemba kubhiyozelwa usuku lokuzalwa kuka-Indira Gandhi, iNkulumbuso yaseTyhini yokuQala yaseTyhini. Wayekuphela kwentombi kaPandit Jawahar Lal Nehru kunye nenkosikazi yakhe uKamala Nehru. Wazalwa ngonyaka we-1917, waba yi-Nkulumbuso yesibini esebenze ixesha elide e-India emva koyise. Nangona kunjalo, ubomi bakhe ibiluludwe lweziganeko ekufuneka uzazi. Ke makhe sijonge iinyani ezingaziwayo ngaye.
Ukuzalwa kuka-Indira Gandhi kunye noBomi bokuqala
1. Wazalwa nge-19 ka-Novemba ngo-1917 e-Anand Bhawan e-Allahabad, e-Uttar Pradesh.
Mbini. Wanikwa igama elithi Priyadarshini yimbongi eyaziwayo 'uRabindra Nath Tagore' ke, igama lakhe elipheleleyo ngu-Indira Priyadarshini.
3. Ngexesha leentsuku zakhe zobuntwana, wabona inkululeko yenkululeko eIndiya. Kungekudala waqonda ukuba iimpahla zangaphandle zomeleza uqoqosho lweBritishers kwaye ke, wazitshisa oonodoli bakhe kunye nezinye izinto zokudlala ezenziwe eNgilane.
Zine. Kuba utata wakhe wayehlala exakekile kwidabi lenkululeko, u-Indira wachitha ixesha elincinci naye. Kuyatshiwo ukuba ngelixa uPandit Nehru engekho ekhaya, utata-intombi duo yayihlala inxibelelana ngeeleta.
5. Uye kamva wajoyina iYunivesithi yaseOxford emva kokusweleka kukamama wakhe owayegula eYurophu.
Umtshato ka-Indira Gandhi kunye noMama
1. Watshata noFeroze Gandhi owayenguParsi ngonyaka we-1942. Emva koko, waba ngu-Indira Priyadarshini Gandhi kwaye wayedume ngokuba ngu-Indira Gandhi. Abantu bahlala becinga ukuba uFeroze Gandhi wayehlobene noMahatama Gandhi engeyonyani. Wayengazani nhlobo nosapho lukaMahatama Gandhi.
Mbini. Wayenoonyana ababini uRajiv Gandhi (owazalwa ngonyaka we-1944) kunye noSanjay Gandhi (owazalwa ngonyaka we-1946). Ukhethe uSanjay Gandhi ukuba yindlalifa yakhe kwaye aqhubeke nelifa lakhe.
3. Umtshato wakhe noFeroze Gandhi waphela ngonyaka we-1960 xa wasweleka ngenxa yesifo sentliziyo. Umtshato yathatha iminyaka eli-18 kuphela.
4. Phambi kokuba abe yi-Nkulumbuso, wayekwangumncedisi katata wakhe kunye ne-Nkulumbuso ngelo xesha uJawahar Lal Nehru.
U-Indira Gandhi NjengeNkulumbuso
1. U-Indira Gandhi waba yinkulumbuso yokuqala yabasetyhini e-India ngonyaka we-1966 emva kokubhubha kukaLal Bahadur Shashtri.
Mbini. Kwakuphantsi kwexesha lakhe lonyaka we-1966 ukuya kowe-1971 xa wayebhengeza ukubekwa kwelizwe kwiibhanki ezilishumi elinesine eziqhuba eIndiya. Esi sigqibo sathathwa ngonyaka we-1969.
3. Kunyulo lwe-Lok Sabha luka-1971, wanika isiqubulo esithandwayo esithi 'Garibi Hatao' (ukuphelisa ubuhlwempu) njengesicelo sezopolitiko. Umbutho uphumelele inkxaso yabantu basemaphandleni nasezidolophini kwaye oku kuzise uloyiso kwiqela. Ngenxa yoko, u-Indira Gandhi waba yi-Nkulumbuso okwesibini.
Zine. Enye yeempumelelo ezinkulu zika-Indira Gandhi kuxa i-India yafumana uloyiso kwimfazwe ye-Indo-Pakistani eyenzeka ngonyaka we-1971.
5. Wayebizwa ngokuba 'nguThixokazi uDurga' yi-Nkulumbuso yangaphambili kunye no-Atal Bihari Vajpayee.
6. Nangona kunjalo, uloyiso ngokuchasene nePakistan alunako ukumzisela uthando kunye nenkxaso njengoko iingxaki ezininzi zingene kwindlela yeCongress Party. Isizathu soku yayikukunyuka kwamaxabiso, imbalela kwezinye iindawo zelizwe kwaye okona kubaluleke kakhulu yingxaki yeoyile eyabonwa ngonyaka we-1973.
Ingxamiseko ibhengezwe ngu-Indira Gandhi
1. Kwakukho ngonyaka we-1975 xa inkundla iAllahabad yaphumelela u-Indira Gandhi kunyulo lwe-Loksabha ngo-1971 ngenxa yesenzo esibi sonyulo kunye nokusebenzisa oomatshini nezixhobo zikarhulumente. Oku kukhokelele kwingqumbo esidlangalaleni kwaye baqala ukumqhankqalaza.
Mbini. Uwalile umyalelo wenkundla wokuba arhoxe kwaye aphephe ukuqhuba nayiphi na iofisi kule minyaka mithandathu izayo. Ngapha koko, wabhenela kwiNkundla ePhakamileyo yaseIndiya. Uluntu ngokubanzi lwenze imiboniso noqhankqalazo ngokuchasene naye.
3. Uye wanika imiyalelo yokuba kubanjwe abaqhankqalazi emva koko wacenga uFakhruddin Ali Ahmed owayenguMongameli ngelo xesha ukuba abhengeze imeko kaxakeka. Kungoko imeko kaxakeka yabhengezwa ngenxa yokuphazamiseka kwangaphakathi.
Zine. Ngeli xesha, uSanjay Gandhi, unyana omncinci ka-Indira Gandhi wangena emandleni kwaye kuthiwa uza kulawula kwaye asebenzise amaNdiya. Wayenamandla amakhulu ngaphandle kokubamba iofisi kaRhulumente.
5. U-Indira Gandhi waphinda wangena emandleni kwakhona ngonyaka ka-1980 emva kokuba ipalamente yachithwa ngo-Agasti 1979. Emva koko kwabanjwa unyulo lwaseLoksabha ngoJanuwari 1980.
Ukusebenza kweBlue Star kunye nokufa kwakhe
1. U-Indira Gandhi wakhokela ukusebenza kweBlue Star ukusukela nge-1 Julayi 1984 ukuya kwi-8 kaJulayi ka-1984 ukuzingela uJarnail Singh Bhindranwale owayeyimpi yama-Sikh kunye nabo babemxhasa.
Mbini. Iindawo ezininzi zetempile zatshatyalaliswa ngoombayimbayi ababesetyenziswa ngumkhosi wamaIndiya. Oku kukhokelele ekufeni kwenani elikhulu labahambi abamsulwa kunye nabantu abaninzi baseSikh.
3. Ngentsasa yomhla wama-31 kweyeDwarha ngo-1984, wadutyulwa ngu-Beant Singh kunye noSatwant Singh, oonogada bakhe. Bobabini bamdubula ngemipu yabo yenkonzo ngelixa u-Indira Gandhi wayehamba egadini yokuhlala kwenkulumbuso kwi-1 Safdarjung Road, eNew Delhi.
Zine. UBeant Singh kunye noSatwant Singh, emva kokudubula u-Indira Gandhi baphosa imipu yabo bazinikela. Bobabini emva koko balandelwa. U-Beant Singh wadutyulwa wasweleka kwangolo suku lokubulawa lo gama u-Satwant Singh kunye no-Kehar Singh, abaceba ukubulala bagwetyelwa ukufa.
Ke le yayiyinto yomfazi owaqala ukuba ngoyena Mongameli ubalaseleyo wase-India.
