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USwami Vivekananda wayeyindoda eyathatha ifilosofi yaseVedanta eNtshona yaza yaguqula ubuHindu kakhulu. Ukuzalwa kukaJanuwari 12, 1863, ngoku sibhiyozela lo mhla wokuzalwa njengoSuku loLutsha leSizwe, ukumhlonipha.
Waya e-USA ukuya kwiPalamente yeHlabathi yezeNkolo eChicago, nangona wayephantse abe lihlwempu. Wayiguqula intanda-bulumko yaseMpuma kwaye weyisela abantu baseNtshona ukuba bayamkele into yokuba ifilosofi yamaHindu ingaphezulu lee kunabanye.
USwami Vivekananda wazalwa njengoNarendra Nath Dutta kusapho lwamaBangali olunobungangamsha eCalcutta. IVivekananda yajikeleza i-India iphela kwaye yasebenza ekuphakamiseni amahlwempu nabasweleyo. Waseka i-Ramakrishna Mission kunye neBelur Math eCalcutta esasebenza ngokuzinikela ekwenzeni ubuHindu bube bukhulu kwaye bancede abasweleyo.
Ngale mini, kwiminyaka eyi-127 eyadlulayo, uSwami Vivekananda wenza intetho yembali kwiPalamente yeHlabathi yezeNkolo, eChicago.
-Vishwa Hindu Parishad Chhattisgarh (@ cgvhp1) NgoSeptemba 11, 2020
'Ndinebhongo lokuba ndikwinkolo eye yafundisa i-World Tolerance kunye ne-Universal Acceptance'. #VivekanandInChicago @nvnematshana pic.twitter.com/w89Pvx7qRk
Umbhalo opheleleyo wentetho kaSwami Vivekananda kwiPalamente yezeNkolo, eChicago ngo-1893
Igcwalisa intliziyo yam ngovuyo olungathethekiyo lokuvuka ngokuphendula ulwamkelo olufudumeleyo nolunobubele osinike lona. Ndiyabulela egameni lolandelelwano lwamandulo lweemonki ehlabathini ndiyabulela egameni likamama weenkolo, kwaye ndibulela egameni lezigidi kunye nezigidi zabantu abangamaHindu bazo zonke iiklasi kunye namahlelo.
Ndiyabulela nakwezinye izithethi zeli qonga abathi, bebhekisa kubathunywa abavela eMpuma, bakuxelele ukuba la madoda aphuma kwiintlanga ezikude angafuna imbeko yokunyamezela kumazwe ahlukeneyo umbono wokunyamezelana. Ndinebhongo lokuba ndikwinkolo efundise umhlaba unyamezelo nokwamkelwa kwindalo iphela. Sikholelwa kungekuphela kukunyamezelana kwindalo iphela, kodwa samkela zonke iinkolo njengezinyanisekileyo. Ndiyaziqhenya ngokuba ndiluhlanga olukhusele abo batshutshiswayo kunye nababaleki bazo zonke iinkolo kunye neentlanga zonke zomhlaba. Ndinebhongo ukukuxelela ukuba siqokelele esifubeni sakho intsalela ehlambulukileyo yamaSirayeli, eza eMzantsi India kwaye asabela kuthi kwangalo nyaka apho itempile yabo engcwele yachithwa zaziingceba nguzwilakhe baseRoma. Ndinebhongo lokuba ndikwinkolo ekhuselekileyo kwaye isakhuthaza intsalela yesizwe esikhulu saseZoroaster. Ndiza kucaphula kuni, bazalwana, imigca embalwa evela kwiculo endikhumbula ukuba ndiyiphindaphindile ukususela ebuntwaneni bam bokuqala, ephindwa mihla le zizigidi zabantu: 'Njengemilambo eyahlukeneyo enemithombo yayo kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo ezithathwa ngabantu ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, nangona zivela, zigwenxa okanye zithi tye, zonke zikhokelela kuwe. '
Indibano yangoku, eyenye yezona ndibano zibalaseleyo kwezakha zabanjwa, kukodwa kukungqinelwa, isibhengezo kwihlabathi lemfundiso emangalisayo eshunyayelwe eGita: 'Nabani na oza kum, nangalo naluphi na uhlobo, ndimfikelela kuye bonke abantu bayasokola ezindleleni ezikhokelela kum ekugqibeleni. ' Ihlelo, ubuhlanga, kunye nenzala yayo eyoyikekayo, inzondelelo yempambano, kudala iwuphethe lo mhlaba mhle. Bawuzalise umhlaba ngogonyamelo, bawumanzisa rhoqo kwaye bahlala bechitha igazi lomntu, batshabalalisa inkcubeko kwaye bathumela izizwe ziphele lithemba. Ukuba ibingezizo ezi demon zoyikekayo, uluntu beluza kuba phambili ngakumbi kunangoku. Kodwa ixesha labo lifikile kwaye ndiyathemba ukuba intsimbi ebikhalile ngale ntsasa inika imbeko kule ndibano inokuba kukufa kwayo yonke inzondelelo, ngazo zonke iintshutshiso ngekrele okanye ngosiba, nangazo zonke iimvakalelo ezingathandekiyo phakathi kwabantu abafuna indlela yabo eya kwinjongo enye.
Idilesi kwiseshoni yokugqibela
IChicago, ngoSeptemba 27, 1893
IPalamente yeHlabathi yezeNkolo ibe yinyani efezekisiweyo, kwaye uBawo onenceba ubancedile abo basebenze ukuyizalisa kwaye bawuthwesa ngempumelelo umsebenzi wabo wokungazingci.
Ndiyabulela kule miphefumlo ibekekileyo iintliziyo zayo zinkulu nothando lwenyaniso eziqale zaphupha eli phupha limangalisayo zaze ke lazifezekisa.
Ndiyabulela kwimvula yeenkululeko eziye zaphuphuma kweli qonga. Umbulelo wam kwaba bantu bakhanyiselweyo ngobubele babo obufanayo kum kunye nokuxabisa kwabo ingcinga nganye etyekele ekuthomalaliseni ukungavisisani kweenkolo. Amanqaku ambalwa abhaliweyo avakala amaxesha ngamaxesha kule mvisiswano. Umbulelo wam okhethekileyo kubo, kuba, ngokwahluka kwabo okumangalisayo, benze ukuvumelana ngokubanzi kumnandi.
Kuye kwathethwa okuninzi ngomhlaba omnye womanyano lonqulo. Andizukuya nje ngoku ukuya kwenza eyam ithiyori. Kodwa ukuba nabani na apha unethemba lokuba lo manyano uza kuza ngenxa yoloyiso lwayo nayiphi na inkolo kunye nokutshatyalaliswa kwezinye, kuye ndithi, Mzalwana, ithemba lakho alinakwenzeka. Ngaba ndinqwenela ukuba umKristu abe ngumHindu? Nakanye! Ngaba ndinqwenela ukuba umHindu okanye umBhuda abe ngumKristu? Nakanye!
Imbewu ibekwa emhlabeni, kuze kubekwe umhlaba nomoya namanzi ngeenxa zonke. Ngaba imbewu iba ngumhlaba, okanye umoya, okanye amanzi? Hayi. Iyaba sisityalo. Ikhula emva komthetho wokukhula kwayo, ifunxa umoya, umhlaba kunye namanzi, iwaguqule abe sisityalo, ikhule ibe sisityalo.
Kunjalo ke nangonqulo. UmKristu akafanele abe ngumHindu okanye umBuddha, okanye umHindu okanye umBuddha ukuba abe ngumKristu. Kodwa elowo kufuneka afake umoya wabanye kwaye agcine ubuntu bakhe kwaye akhule ngokomthetho wakhe wokukhula.
Ukuba iPalamente yezeNkolo ibonise nantoni na emhlabeni, yile: Kubonakalisile kwihlabathi ukuba ubungcwele, ubunyulu kunye nothando ayisizozinto zalo naliphi na ibandla ehlabathini kwaye yonke inkqubo ivelise amadoda nabafazi Olona phawu liphakamileyo. Ngokubona obu bungqina, ukuba umntu uphupha ngokusinda kwenkolo yakhe kunye nokutshatyalaliswa kwezinye, ndiyamsizela ngokusuka emazantsi entliziyo yam, ndize ndimxelele ukuba phezu kwebhanile yazo zonke iinkolo kungekudala kubhaliwe ngaphandle kokuchaswa: 'Nceda ungalwi,' 'Ukwenziwa komzimba hayi ukutshatyalaliswa,' 'uHarmony noXolo hayi ingxabano.'
(Umthombo: PIB)
USWAMI VIVEKANANDA: IBHAYIBHILE EMFUTSHANE
USwami Vivekananda wayeyindoda yothando olukhulu. Idilesi yakhe kwiPalamente yeChicago yezeNkolo yinto yobugcisa ebeka iNdiya kuluhlu oluphezulu lwamazwe apho kukhula ngokomoya. Wayenenxaxheba kumzabalazo wenkululeko wamaNdiya owawusilwa namaBritane. Ukutsala kwakhe kwaxhokonxa ulutsha ukuba lunyuke lubize isizwe kwaye benze umsebenzi wabo kwilizwe. Kodwa siyazi kangakanani iSwami Vivekananda yangempela? Hayi kakhulu.
Ke, nazi iinyani ezili-10 ezinqabileyo malunga neSwami Vivekananda eqinisekileyo yokuvuthela ingqondo yakho.
UVivekananda wayengumfundi ophakathi
Ihlabathi liyamazi ngenxa yeentetho zakhe ezichubekileyo. Kodwa ngaba uyazi ukuba njengomfundi, uSwami Vivekananda wayengumndilili nje? Ufumene amanqaku angama-47 kuphela kwiimviwo zokungena kwiYunivesithi, iipesenti ezingama-46 kwi-FA (kamva olu vavanyo lwaba luBugcisa boPhakathi okanye i-IA) kunye neepesenti ezingama-56 kwiimviwo ze-BA.
UVivekananda waye ligama elifunyenweyo
USwami Vivekananda ligama awalithathayo emva kokuba eyimonki. Ekuqaleni, wabizwa njengoVireshwara ngunina kwaye wayehlala ebizwa ngokuba 'nguBiley'. Emva kwexesha, wabizwa ngokuba nguNarendra Nath Dutta.
UVivekananda akazange afumane msebenzi
Ngaphandle kokuba ne-BA degree, uSwami Vivekananda kwafuneka ahambe kwindlu ngendlu efuna umsebenzi. Wayephantse wajika engakholelwa kubukho bukaThixo njengoko inkolelo yakhe kuThixo yayizanyazanyiswa.
Usapho lukaSwamiji luPhila kwiNdlala eNkulu
Emva kokusweleka kukayise, usapho lukaSwamiji lwaluhlala kwintlupheko enkulu. Umama noodadewabo kwafuneka bazabalaze nzima ukuze bafumane isidlo ngosuku. Rhoqo, uSwamiji wayehlala ngaphandle kokutya kangangeentsuku kunye ukuze abanye kusapho banele.
Imfihlelo egciniweyo
UMaharaja waseKhetri, uAjit Singh, wayehlala ethumela i-100 rupees kumama kaSwamiji rhoqo ukumnceda ukumelana neengxaki zemali. Eli lungiselelo yayiyimfihlo egcinwe ngokusondeleyo.
Uthando lukaVivekananda ngeeyi
UVivekananda wayengumlingisi weti. Ngezo ntsuku, xa ama-Hindu pandits ayephikisana nokusela iti, wazisa iti kwindawo yakhe yoonongendi.
Swami kunye neLokmanya
USwamiji ukhe wacenga uLokmanya Bal Gangadhar Tilak ukuba enze iti eBelur Math. Umlo omkhulu wenkululeko uzise i-nutmeg, i-mace, i-cardamom, i-clove kunye ne-saffron kunye naye kwaye walungiselela iti kaMughlai yabo bonke.
Akazange amthembe ngokupheleleyo uRamakrishna
URamakrishna Paramahansa wayengumphathi weSwami Vivekananda. Ngeentsuku zokuqala zokufunda notitshala wakhe, uVivekananda akazange amthembe ngokupheleleyo. Waqhubeka nokuvavanya uRamakrishna ngayo yonke into awayeyithetha ade ekugqibeleni azifumane zonke iimpendulo zakhe.
USwamiji uxele kwangaphambili ukufa kwakhe
Kwakungenxa yesoprano yaseFrance uRosa Emma Calvet ukuba uVivekananda wayevakalise e-Egypt ukuba uza kufa ngoJulayi 4. Usweleke ngoJulayi 4, 1902.
I-Swamiji yayinezifo ezingama-31 ngaphambi kokuba ihambe
Ngokwencwadi ethi 'Imonki njengeNdoda' ngumbhali owaziwayo waseBengali uShankar, uSwami Vivekananda unesifo se-31. Iincwadi zidwelisa ukungalali, isibindi kunye nesifo sezintso, imalariya, migraine, isifo seswekile kunye nezifo zentliziyo njengezinye zeengxaki zempilo ezingama-31 uVivekanand awayejamelene nazo ebomini bakhe. Wayekhathazwa sisifo sombefu esinganyamezelekiyo amaxesha amaninzi.
