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Rhoqo ngonyaka nge-19 kaJuni, uSuku lweSickle Cell Day lubhiyozelwa ukuphakamisa ulwazi malunga noku kuphazamiseka kwegazi. Ngokwe-WHO, malunga neepesenti ezintlanu kubemi behlabathi baphethe iseli yemfuza kwaye malunga ne-300000 yeentsana zizalwa minyaka le kwesi sifo.
Abantwana abazelwe benesifo se-sickle cell disease (i-SCD) basweleka msinyane njengoko umzimba wabo ungakwazi ukuvelisa (okanye ukuvelisa okuncinci) ihemoglobin esempilweni. Intambo yebhanki yegazi okanye yebhanki ye-umbilical cord yegazi (igazi elishiywe kwintambo ngexesha lokuzalwa komntwana) yeyona ndlela ifanelekileyo yosapho enokukhusela impilo yomntwana wabo, ukuba umntwana uzalwe ene-SCD okanye elinye igazi okanye amajoni omzimba .
Siyintoni isifo seSickle Cell?
Izifo zesifo sokugula (SCD) sisifo esinganyangekiyo segazi esibonakaliswa kukungaqhelekanga kwihemoglobin, iprotein efumaneka kwiiseli ezibomvu zegazi ezithwala ioksijini emzimbeni wonke. Ngokwesiqhelo, ihemoglobin ijikeleze imilo kodwa ubukho be-SC gene benza iiseli ezibomvu zegazi ezimilise u-C, ziqinile, zincangathi, ziethe-ethe kwaye zithambekele ekuqhekekeni.
Ihemoglobin emile okujikelezileyo ithwala ioksijini engaphezulu ngelixa ezime okwe-C zithwala kancinci. Njengoko zinzima kwaye zincangathi, ziyaxinga kwimithambo yegazi kwaye zivimbe indlela. Amalungu omzimba okanye izicwili emva koko zichaphazeleka kukungabikho kwegazi kunye neoksijini kwaye ziqale ukusebenza ngokungaqhelekanga okanye zisweleke.
Iimpawu ze-SCD ziqala ukuza kwiinyanga ezintlanu zokuzalwa komntwana. Oku kubangela ukuba umntwana asweleke kwangethuba. Unyango lwe-SCD lubandakanya ukufakelwa kweseli okanye ukutshintsha umongo wethambo. Umongo wethambo sisicwili esinesiponji esenza iiseli ezibomvu zegazi. Isiphene semfuza kubo ngenxa yeseli yemfuza sibenza bavelise iiseli ezibomvu ezimile okwe rhengqa. Oku kwenza ukuba ukufakelwa kwegazi ngentambo kubaluleke kakhulu.
Yintoni iCord Blood Banking?
Igazi lentambo yombilical iqulethe iiseli zeziqu ezinokuvelisa iiseli zegazi ezisempilweni. Ngexesha lokukhulelwa, i-umbilical cord ibonelela ngezondlo kusana ekutyeni okutyiwa ngumama. Ngexesha lokuzalwa, inkaba yesifuba iyanqunyulwa njengoko ingasafuneki lusana.
Igazi elikule ntambo liqulathe iiseli zeziqu eziphindwe kalishumi kunalezo zenziwe ngumongo wethambo. Ngokwesiqhelo iyalahlwa, kodwa ukuba usapho lukhetha intambo yokubhankisha ngegazi, emva kokuzalwa, ugqirha uqokelela malunga ne-40 ml yegazi elivela kwimbambo kwaye alithumele kwibhanki yegazi ukuze livavanywe kwaye ligcinwe. Inkqubo ayinazintlungu kwaye ifuna nje imizuzu embalwa.
Intambo yegazi ibalulekile kuba inakho ukunyanga izifo ezinje ngeleukemia, i-aplastic anemia, izifo zeseli zerheng kunye nezinye izifo zegazi kunye ne-immunodeficiency. Kwixesha elizayo, inokumnceda umntwana okanye naliphi na ilungu losapho ukuba bafumaniswe ukuba banezifo sele zikhankanyiwe. Unokunikela ngentambo yegazi ukuba unqwenela.
Iinkonzo zeCord Blood Banking
- Njengoko sele kukhankanyiwe ngaphambili, iyanceda ukusindisa ubomi kunye nokunyanga izifo ezinxulumene nenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela kunye negazi njengeSCD.
- Uya kufumana ukufikelela kwintambo yegazi xa kufuneka njalo.
- Intambo yegazi iluncedo kakhulu kwabo banembali yosapho yezifo zemfuza ezinje nge-SCD, leukemia kunye nezinye.
- Ngamanye amaxesha, igazi lentambo yomntwana alihambelani ngenxa yokutshintsha kwemfuza xa sele ekhulile. Kule meko, ukuba kukho unikezelo olukhulu lwentambo yegazi, kunokwenzeka ukuba intambo yegazi lomnye umntu inokulingana kwaye igcine ubomi babo. Kungenxa yoko le nto, lonke usapho lucetyiswa ngentambo yebhanki yegazi.
- Kukho ithuba eliphezulu lomdlalo wegazi wentambo kusapho, ngakumbi phakathi kwabantakwenu.
- Igazi lentambo linokusetyenziselwa ukunyanga ezinye izifo ngaphandle kwemeko zofuzo. Izifundo ezininzi ziyaqhubeka ukufumana inani lezifo elinokunyanga. Olunye uphononongo lukholelwa ukuba ngenye imini intambo yegazi inokukwazi ukunyanga izifo ezinjengezifo zikaParkinson, umhlaza wamabele nezinye.
- Akukho bungozi okanye ntlungu iyabandakanyeka kwinkqubo.
Umthengi weCord Blood Banking
- Iindleko zokugcina igazi lentambo kwizibhedlele zabucala zibiza kakhulu. Ikwafuna imali ephezulu yonyaka yokugcina. Le ndlela iqwalaselwa xa usapho lunembali yezifo zofuzo. Intambo yabucala ebhankini yegazi yenzelwe ukusetyenziswa buqu kwixa elizayo.
- Kwibhanki yentambo yoluntu, usapho alunakukhetha ukugcinwa kwegazi lentambo ukuze lisetyenziswe buqu kwixa elizayo. Banokukhetha kuphela umnikelo kwizibhedlele zikarhulumente. Isibhedlele ke sigcina onke amalungelo egazi kwaye silinike umntu olifunayo. Kwimeko apho, ufuna igazi kwixa elizayo, kuya kufuneka unxibelelane nebhanki yegazi yentambo.
- Ngaphaya kweminyaka engama-20, intambo yegazi egciniweyo ayiqinisekisi ukusebenza kwayo.
- Ukuba ibhanki yentambo yabucala ivale ngenxa yezizathu ezithile, usapho kufuneka lukhangele enye ibhanki yokugcina.
- Umnikeli kunye nomamkeli bobabini kufuneka bahlangabezane neenqobo ezithile zokunikela kunye nokufumana igazi lentambo.
- Iibhanki zabucala zinokulahla igazi eligciniweyo xa intlawulo ingenziwa ngexesha.
- Ngamanye amaxesha, kunzima ukufumana isibhedlele esisebenza kunye neebhanki zeentambo zegazi zentambo.
- Ukulibaziseka kokuqokelela intambo yegazi kunokubangela ukuba igazi libuyele emntwaneni.
- Kukho ithuba eliphantsi kakhulu lokuba intambo yegazi iya kusetyenziswa ngumntwana kwixesha elizayo. Ngu-1 kwabangama-400.
Ukushwankathela:
Unyaka ngamnye, abantwana abaninzi bayafa ngenxa yesifo se-sickle cell. Ke ngoko, ukubasindisa, ukukhetha ukunikela ngegazi lentambo kwiibhanki zikarhulumente yeyona nto ilungileyo anokuyenza. Ukuba unembali yosapho ye-SCD, khetha ukugcina kwiindawo zokugcina igazi ukukhusela ikamva lomntwana wakho kunye namalungu osapho lwakho.
