IziBonelelo zezeMpilo zeZinto eziMnyama zoMngundo

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Igama lokungunda omnyama lisenokungavakali ngathi yinto enomdla ukuyitya, kodwa eneneni ityebile kwizakhamzimba kwaye inezibonelelo ezininzi zempilo.

Yintoni i-Black fungus?

I-fungus emnyama (iAuricularia polytricha) likhowa lasendle elityiwayo elifunyanwa ikakhulu e-China. I-fungus emnyama yaziwa nangokuthi yindlebe yeenkuni okanye amakhowa endlebe amafu, kuba ayafana nendlebe yomntu.

I-fungus emnyama ihlala imdaka ngombala omnyama okanye umbala omnyama kwaye zinobunjani obuhlafunwayo. Ikhula esiqwini semithi kunye neelogo eziwileyo kwaye zikhula kakuhle kwimozulu eshushu efana neIndiya, iHawaii, iNigeria kunye nePacific Islands. I-fungus emnyama isetyenzisiwe kunyango lwesiTshayina kangangamakhulu eminyaka ^[1] .

Ixabiso lesondlo lweeFungus eziMnyama

I-100 g yefungus emnyama inamanzi ayi-14.8 g, amandla angama-284 kcal kwaye iqulethe:

• 9.25 g protein
• 0.73 g amafutha
• I-73.01 g ye-carbohydrate
• 70.1 g ifayibha
• 159 mg calcium
• 5.88 mg intsimbi
• 83 mg wemagniziyam
• 184 mg phosphorus
• 754 mg potassium
• 35 mg isodiyam
• 1.32 mg zinc
• 0.183 mg ubhedu
• 1.951 mg manganese
• I-43.4 mcg selenium

IziBonelelo zeMpilo zefungus emnyama

1. Ukukhuthaza impilo yamathumbu

Iifungi ezimnyama zingumthombo olungileyo we-prebiotic, uhlobo lwefayibha eyondla iibacteria ezisemathunjini. Oku kunceda amathumbu ebacteria ukuvelisa izondlo ukuphucula impilo yokugaya ukutya kunye nokunceda ukugcina amathumbu rhoqo ^[Mbini] .

2. Uthintela isifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo kunye nesifo i-Alzheimer

Ngokophando olupapashwe kwiJenali yaMazwe ngaMazwe yamaMushroom oNyango, ukutya ukutya okuluhlaza kunye okuphekiweyo okumnyama kuluncedo ekuthinteleni ukukhula kwesifo se-Alzheimer kunye nesifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo. ^[3] .

3. Yehlisa cholesterol embi

I-fungus emnyama inamanani aphezulu e-antioxidants anamandla ekuthiwa athoba kakhulu i-LDL (embi) ye-cholesterol, ngokophando olupapashwe kwi-International Journal of Medicinal Mushrooms. Oku, kunciphisa umngcipheko wesifo sentliziyo ^[4] .

4. Ukhusela isibindi

I-fungus emnyama yaziwa ngokukhusela isibindi kwizinto ezithile eziyingozi. Ngokutsho kwesifundo, ukuxuba umgubo omnyama wefungus kunye namanzi kwanceda ukuguqula nokukhusela isibindi kumonakalo obangelwe kukudlula kwe-acetaminophen, ikhemikhali esetyenziselwa ukunyanga umkhuhlane kunye nentlungu ^[5] .

5. Uthintela iimeko ezingapheliyo

Uphando lophando lubonisa ukuba umngundo omnyama upakishwe yimixube ye-antioxidant enceda ukulwa iiradicals zasimahla kunye nokukhusela iiseli ngokuchasene nomonakalo we-oxidative. Oku kunceda ekuthinteleni iimeko ezingapheliyo njengomhlaza, isifo samathambo kunye nesifo sentliziyo ^[6] .

6. Uthintela ukukhula kweentsholongwane

Amakhowa amnyama amakhowa aqukethe iipropathi ze-antimicrobial ezinokunceda ukunqanda iintlobo ezithile zebacteria ngokophando luka-2015 ^[7] . Uphononongo lufumanise ukuba la makhowa anamandla okuthintela ukukhula kwe-E.coli kunye ne-Staphylococcus aureus bacterias ezinoxanduva lokubangela usulelo.

Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zamakhowa amnyama amakhowa

Ngokubanzi, amakhowa amnyama omngundo akhuselekile ukuba angadliwa, nangona kunjalo, kwabanye kunokubangela ukungabikho kokutya kwaye kukhokelele kwisicaphucaphu, urticaria, ukudumba kunye nokurhawuzelela.

Ungapheka njani iiFungus eziMnyama

I-fungus emnyama kufuneka ihlale iphekwe ngokufanelekileyo ukubulala iintsholongwane kwaye uphononongo lubonakalisile ukuba ukubilisa kuyonyusa umsebenzi we-antioxidant.

Kukwacetyiswa ukuba abasetyhini abakhulelweyo akufuneki basebenzise ukungunda okumnyama.

Phawula: Dibana nogqirha ngaphambi kokutya ukungunda okumnyama.

I-Recipe ye-Fungus emnyama

Isaladi ye-mushroom yendlebe ^[8]

Izithako:

• & indebe ye-frac14 eyomileyo yamakhowa endlebe
• kunye ne-anyanisi ephakathi nendawo
• iqela elincinci lekoriyandire
• Ixesha lokutya:
• 2 ikonofile egalelweyo
• 1 ipepile entsha yaseThai isikwe iziqwenga ezincinci
• 1 tbsp iviniga emnyama yaseTshayina
• 2 tbsp ukukhanya kwesosi yesosi
• kunye nefrac12 tsp iswekile
• 2 tbsp ioyile yokupheka yemifuno
• I-3 anyanisi entwasahlobo etyunjiweyo
• & frac12 tbsp ioyile yesesame
• 1 tbsp imbewu yeesame
• Ingca yetyuwa

Indlela:

• Gcoba amakhowa awomileyo emanzini afudumeleyo kangangemizuzu engama-30 de athambe.
• Yihlambe phantsi kwamanzi abalekayo ngocoselelo.
• Emva koko ubilise amakhowa afakwe kwimizuzu emi-1 ukuya kwezi-2. Vala ubushushu kwaye ungeze izilayi ze-anyanisi kuyo.
• Dlulisa umxube kwisitya samanzi abandayo.
• Phalaza amanzi uze uwabeke kwisitya.
• Fudumeza ioyile epanini kwaye unyanzele i-fry zonke izithako ezidweliswe phantsi koluhlu lokunkcenkceshela imizuzu embalwa de ibe yinto enencasa.
• Yongeza eli xesha lokutya kumakhowa. Hlanganisa kakuhle kwaye usebenze.

1. [1]Yao, H., Liu, Y., Ma, Z. F., Zhang, H., Fu, T., Li, Z., ... & Wu, H. (2019). Uhlalutyo loMgangatho weSondlo weeFungus eziMnyama eziTyalwe ngeeMbewu zeMbona. Ijenali yoMgangatho wokutya, 2019.
2. [Mbini]UAida, F. M. A., Shuhaimi, M., Yazid, M., kunye noMaaruf, A. G. (2009). Amakhowa njengomthombo onokubakho we-prebiotic: uphononongo kwiinzululwazi zokutya kunye netekhnoloji, 20 (11-12), 567-575.
3. [3]UBennett, L., Sheean, P., Zabaras, D., kunye neNtloko, R. (2013). Izinto ezizinzileyo zobushushu be-mushroom yendlebe yeenkuni, i-Auricularia polytricha (iBasidiomycetes ephezulu), inhibit in vitro activity of beta secretase (BACE1) .Iphepha lezizwe ngezizwe lamakhowa amayeza, 15 (3).
4. [4]Umlandeli, Y. M., Xu, M. Y., Wang, L. Y., Zhang, Y., Zhang, L., Yang, H., ... & Cui, P. (1989). Iziphumo zokungunda okutyiwa ngumthi omnyama (Auricuaria auricula) kuvavanyo lwe-atherosclerosis kwimivundla. Ijenali yezonyango yaseTshayina, 102 (2), 100-105.
5. [5]K Chellappan, D., Ganasen, S., Batumalai, S., Candasamy, M., Krishnappa, P., Dua, K., ... & Gupta, G. (2016). Isenzo sokukhusela isicatshulwa samanzi se-Auricularia polytricha kwi-paracetamol eyenze ukuba i-hepatotoxicity kwiigundane. Amalungelo awodwa omenzi wechiza akutshanje ekunikezelweni kweziyobisi kunye nokwenziwa, 10 (1), 72-76.
6. [6]Kho, Y. S., Vikineswary, S., Abdullah, N., Kuppusamy, U. R., & Oh, H. I. (2009). Umthamo we-Antioxidant yemizimba yeziqhamo esandula ukucutshungulwa kunye ne-mycelium yeAuricularia auricula-judae (Fr.) Quél. Ijenali yokutya okungamayeza, i-12 (1), 167-174.
7. [7]UCai, M., uLin, Y., uLuo, uY.L, uLiang, uHH, kunye noLanga, uP (2015). Ukukhutshwa, i-antimicrobial, kunye ne-antioxidant imisebenzi ye-polysaccharides ekrwada evela kwi-mushroom yendlebe ye-mushroom ye-Auricularia auricula-judae (i-basidiomycetes ephezulu).
8. [8]https://www.chinasichuanfood.com/wood-ear-mushroom-salad/

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