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Isifo seswekile ebantwaneni (ulutsha olunesifo seswekile) sinzima kakhulu, ngakumbi xa siqala besebancinci. Uhlobo lwe-1 yeswekile luqhelekile kubantwana, imeko ezenzekelayo apho iiseli ze-beta zepancreatic zitshatyalaliswayo, zikhokelela kwimveliso engonelanga ye-insulin kwaye ibangele amanqanaba aphezulu eswekile yegazi. Nangona uhlobo lweswekile 2 lichaphazela abantwana mhlawumbi ngenxa yokutyeba, ukuxhaphaka kuncinci xa kuthelekiswa nabantu abadala.
Ngokwophando olupapashwe ngonyaka we-2018, izehlo zesifo seswekile zohlobo lwe-1 ziyanda ebantwaneni nasebusheni, malunga ne-22.9 yamatyala amatsha ngonyaka kubantwana abali-15 ukuya kwi-15. [1]
Ukuchongwa kwangoko kunye nonyango lokuqala lwabantwana abanesifo seswekile kubalulekile. Uhlobo lwe-1 yeswekile lubonakalisa iimpawu ngokukhawuleza ngaphakathi kweeveki ezimbalwa ngelixa udidi 2 lwesifo seswekile lukhula kancinci ekuhambeni kwexesha Abazali kufuneka bazi iimpawu zeswekile ebantwaneni babo, ngamanye amaxesha ekunzima ukuzibona. Gcina iliso kwezi mpawu zesifo seswekile ebantwaneni kwaye uthethe nengcali yezonyango kungekudala.
1. I-Polydipsia okanye ukoma ngokweqile
I-Polydipsia okanye ukunxanwa okugqithisileyo kunokubangelwa sisifo seswekile kwi-insipidus ebantwaneni. Kolu hlobo lweswekile, kukho ukungalingani kolwelo emzimbeni oludala ukunxanwa okugqithisileyo, nokuba usele kakhulu. [1]
2. I-Polyuria okanye ukuchama rhoqo
I-Polyuria ihlala ilandelwa yi-polydipsia. Xa umzimba ushukela spikes, izintso zityikitywa ukususa iswekile engaphezulu emzimbeni ngokuchama. Oku kubangela i-polyuria, leyo yona, ibangela isidingo sokusela kakhulu amanzi okanye i-polydipsia.
3. Indlala egqithisileyo / egqithileyo
Ukuba uqaphela ukuba umntwana wakho ulambile ngalo lonke ixesha, kwaye nokutya okugqithileyo akakwazi ukukufeza, nxibelelana nengcali yezonyango njengoko inokuba luphawu lwesifo seswekile. Ngaphandle kwe-insulin, umzimba awukwazi ukusebenzisa i-glucose yamandla, kwaye ukungabikho kwamandla kubangela ukulamba. [Mbini]
4. Ukuphulukana nobunzima obungachazwanga
Olunye uphawu lwesifo seswekile ebantwaneni kukungachazwa kobunzima. Abantwana abanesifo seswekile bathambekele ekunciphiseni ubunzima obuninzi ngexesha elifutshane kakhulu. Kungenxa yokuba, xa ukuguqulwa kweglucose kumandla kuthintelwe ngenxa yemveliso ephantsi ye-insulin, umzimba uqala ukutshisa izihlunu kunye namafutha agciniweyo wamandla, ebangela ukwehla kobunzima obungachazwanga. [3]
5.Uphefumlo olunuka kamnandi
Ukuphefumla ngevumba elimnandi kungenxa yesifo seswekile ketoacidosis (DKA), imeko ethi ivele ngenxa yokunqongophala kwe-insulin emzimbeni. Isenokuba sisifo seswekile esibulalayo ebantwaneni. Apha, xa kungekho glucose, umzimba uqala ukutshisa amafutha kumandla, kwaye inkqubo ivelisa ii-ketone (iiasidi zegazi). Iphunga eliqhelekileyo leetoni linokuchongwa njengevumba elifana nesiqhamo emphefumlweni. [4]
6. Iingxaki zokuziphatha
Ngokophononongo, iingxaki zokuziphatha kubantwana abanesifo seswekile zikhulu ngokuthelekiswa nabantwana abangasweki neswekile. Phantse ama-20 kwabangama-80 abantwana abanesifo seswekile babonisa indlela yokuziphatha engalunganga njengokuqhekeza ukutya, umsindo omkhulu, ukungenelela okanye ukuxhathisa uqeqesho kunye negunya. Oku kunokubangelwa zizinto ezininzi ezinje ngokunyamezelana kwesi sifo, ukungqinelana okungqongqo ekhaya, ingqalelo engakumbi kumntakwenu oqhelekileyo ngabazali okanye ukuziva 'wahlukile' phakathi kwabanye. Zonke ezi zinto zinokukhokelela kutshintsho lweemvakalelo, unxunguphalo kunye noxinzelelo. [5]
7.Ukuba mnyama kolusu
I-Acanthosis nigricans (AN) okanye ubumnyama besikhumba buqheleke kunxulunyaniswa neswekile. Kubantwana nakwishumi elivisayo, indawo eqhelekileyo ye-AN yintamo yangasemva. Ukuqina kunye nokuba mnyama kwesikhumba esongwayo ikakhulu kubangelwa yi-hyperinsulinemia ebangelwe kukunganyangeki kwe-insulin. [6]
8. Soloko udiniwe
Ukudinwa okanye ukuziva udiniwe ngalo lonke ixesha kunokuchongwa ngokulula kubantwana abanesifo seswekile. Uhlobo lwe-1 lomntwana onesifo seswekile alunayo i-insulin eyaneleyo yokuguqula iswekile ibe ngamandla. Ukunqongophala kwamandla ke, kubenza badinwe ngokulula okanye emva kwento encinci yomzimba. [7]
9. Iingxaki zombono
Ukuxhaphaka kwesifo se-ocular kubantwana abanesifo seswekile kuthelekiswa ngakumbi nokuqhelekileyo. Iswekile ephezulu yegazi yonakalisa imithambo-luvo yamehlo kwaye ibangele iingxaki zamehlo ezinje ngombono omfiliba okanye ukungaboni kakuhle, ukuba isifo seswekile asilawulwa emva kokuba sifunyenwe. Esi sifo seswekile ebantwaneni asikhathalelwa. [8]
10. Usulelo lwegwele
Uphononongo lubonakalisile ukuba usulelo lwegwele luphezulu kubantwana abanesifo seswekile sokuqala, ngakumbi kumantombazana aphethwe yile meko. I-Gut microbiota yinto ebalulekileyo ethintela ukubakho kwezifo ezizimele njengesi sifo seswekile. Xa iswekile ephezulu yomzimba iphazamisa i-microbiota, ukukhula kwamagciwane kuyachaphazeleka, kukhokelela kwimveliso eyandisiweyo enegalelo kusulelo lwegwele. [9]
11. Ukulibaziseka kokuphola kwenxeba
Iswekile ephezulu yegazi emzimbeni iphazamisa ukusebenza kwamajoni omzimba, yonyusa ukudumba, ithintele ukuguqulwa kweglucose ibe ngamandla kwaye ikhokelele ekunciphiseni ukuhanjiswa kwegazi kumalungu omzimba. Zonke ezi zinto zibangela ukulibaziseka kokupholisa amanxeba ebantwaneni, okukhokelela kwiingxaki ezinkulu.
Ii-FAQ eziqhelekileyo
1. Umntwana usifumana njani isifo seswekile?
Oyena nobangela wesifo seswekile ebantwaneni awaziwa kodwa izinto ezinje ngembali yosapho, ukubhencwa kwangethuba kusulelo kunye nokuphazamiseka komzimba kunokubangela isifo seswekile ebantwaneni.
2. Zeziphi ezona mpawu zintathu zesifo seswekile esingafunyaniswanga?
Ezi mpawu zintathu zixhaphakileyo zesifo seswekile esingafumanekiyo zibandakanya i-polydipsia okanye unxano olugqithisileyo, i-polyuria okanye ukuchama kakhulu kunye nendlala egqithisileyo.
3. Ngaba umntwana angaba nohlobo lwesibini lweswekile?
Nangona uhlobo lweswekile seswekile luthathwa ngokuba sisifo seswekile esidala, sinokuchaphazela nabantwana, ngakumbi abo batyebe kakhulu okanye batyebe kakhulu.
USneha KrishnanAmayeza ngokubanziMBBS Yazi ngakumbi
