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Ukubona kude, okwabizwa ngokuba yi-hyperopia, yimeko yombono apho unokubona izinto ezikude ngokucacileyo, kodwa izinto ezikufutshane azicacanga. Imeko inokubakho xa kuzalwa kwaye ihlala ibaleka kwiintsapho.
Yintoni Ebangela Hyperopia? [1]
I-cornea kunye nelensi, omabini amalungu esiso asebenza kunye ukugoba okanye ukuphinda ukhanye, ukukhanya okungenayo. I-cornea yindawo ecacileyo yangaphambili yamehlo kwaye iilensi sisakhiwo ngaphakathi kwiso esinokutshintsha ukumila kwayo (ngoncedo lwezihlunu ezinamathele kuyo) ekuvumela ukuba ugxile kwizinto.
Umthombo: iziko labadlali besilivere
I-cornea kunye nelensi zijolise ekukhanyeni okungena kwi-retina yakho kwaye ikuvumela ukuba ubone umfanekiso ojolise ngokugqibeleleyo. Kodwa, ukuba ubume be-cornea busicaba okanye ukuba iliso lakho lifutshane kunesiqhelo, iliso lakho alinakugxila ngokuchanekileyo kwizinto. Oku kuthetha ukuba i-cornea yakho ayinakukhanyisa ukukhanya ngokufanelekileyo, ke indawo ekugxilwe kuyo iwela ngasemva kwe-retina, eyenza ukuba izinto ezisondeleyo zibe mfiliba.
Iimpawu zehyperopia
- Intloko ebuhlungu
- Umbono omfiliba
- Ubume bamehlo
- Ukudinwa
- Ukuqunjelwa ukubona ngokucacileyo
- Ukuvutha okanye ukuqaqanjelwa yimvakalelo ejikeleze okanye emehlweni.
- Iingxaki zeHyperopia
- Ichaphazela umgangatho wobomi bakho
- Ukuqunjelwa okanye ukuxina kwamehlo
- Amehlo awele
- Ukhuseleko lwakho lunokuba semngciphekweni
- Umthwalo wemali
Xa ufuna ukubona ugqirha
Ukuba awukwazi ukubona ngokucacileyo kwaye umgangatho wakho wombono uncitshisiwe, nxibelelana nodokotela wamehlo. IAmerican Academy yeOphthalmology icebisa iimviwo zamehlo rhoqo zabantwana kunye nabantu abadala.
Abantwana kunye nolutsha [Mbini]
Nje ukuba abantwana bagqibe iminyaka eyi-6 yobudala, kufuneka bavavanywe kuqala. Emva koko, kuya kufuneka baye kuvavanywa amehlo ngokubanzi kwiminyaka emi-3. Kananjalo, abantwana kufuneka bahlolwe yonke iminyaka emibini ngexesha lokufunda kwabo.
Abantu abadala [3]
Ukuba usemngciphekweni wezifo zamehlo ezifana ne-glaucoma, jonga amehlo ukusuka kwiminyaka engama-40, qho emva kweminyaka emi-2 ukuya kwengama-40 ukuya kwengama-54, qho emva kweminyaka engama-3 ukuya kwengama-55 ukuya kwengama-64, nayo yonke 1-2 iminyaka xa uneminyaka engama-65 ubudala.
Ukuchongwa kweHyperopia
Uvavanyo olusisiseko lwamehlo luyenziwa kwaye kuxhomekeke kwiziphumo, kuya kucetyiswa uvavanyo lwamehlo olucociweyo, apho ugqirha ebeka khona amathontsi emehlweni akho ukwenza abafundi bakho bande. Ivumela ugqirha ukuba abone ngasemva kweliso lakho ngokucacileyo.
Unyango lwe-Hyperopia
Iilensi zokumisela
Kuxhomekeke kubukrakra bokubona kude, uya kudinga iilensi zokumisela ukuphucula umbono wakho osondeleyo. Iya kunceda ekuchaseni ukuncipha kwe-cornea yakho.
Iindidi zeelensi zokumisela zibandakanya iiglasi zamehlo kunye neelensi zonxibelelwano. Iiglasi zamehlo ziza ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo ezibandakanya ii-bifocals, umbono omnye, i-trifocals kunye ne-multifocals eqhubekayo.
Iilensi zonxibelelwano ziyafumaneka kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zoyilo nakwizixhobo. Njalo qhagamshelana nodokotela ngaphambi kokugqoka ii-lens.
Uqhaqho olwenziwa [4]
- I-Laser incediswe kwi-situ keratomileusis (LASIK) -Ugqirha wamehlo uya kwenza i-flap encinci, ene-hinged flap kwi-cornea yakho, emva koko kusetyenziswa i-laser ukulungisa ijika le-cornea. Inkqubo yokubuyiselwa kolu tyando iyakhawuleza kwaye ibangela ukungathandeki okuncinci.
- I-laser encediswa yi-subepithelial keratectomy (LASEK) -Ugqirha wenza i-ultra-thin flap kwi-cornea's outer-protective cover (epithelium) aze asebenzise i-laser ukuphinda ahlaziye i-cornea yangaphandle, ngaloo ndlela atshintshe ijika layo aze athathe indawo ye-epithelium.
- I-keratectomy ebonakalayo (PRK) - Kule nkqubo, ugqirha ususa isiciko se-cornea sangaphandle sokukhusela (epithelium) kwaye asebenzise i-laser ukuyila kwakhona i-cornea. I-epithelium emva koko ikhula ibuye ngokwendalo ngokobume be-cornea yakho entsha.
Uthintelo lwehyperopia
- Yenza uhlolo lwamehlo rhoqo okanye lonyaka.
- Nciphisa uxinzelelo lweliso lakho ngokujonga kude kwikhompyuter yakho yonke imizuzu engama-20 kwimizuzwana engama-20 malunga neenyawo ezingama-20.
- Sebenzisa ukukhanya kakuhle ngelixa ufunda incwadi.
- Kunqande ukutshaya njengoko kuchaphazela impilo yakho yamehlo.
- Nxiba iiglasi zelanga ezithintela imitha ye-UV.
- Nxiba iimpahla ezikhuselayo ngelixa udlala imidlalo, upeyinta okanye usebenzisa iimveliso ezikhupha umsi onetyhefu.
- Ukuba unesifo seswekile kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi, zigcine ziphantsi kolawulo njengoko zinokuchaphazela umbono wakho.
I-FAQs malunga neHyperopia
Q. Ngaba ukubona kude kuyaphucuka kunye nobudala?
A. Abantwana abanehyperopia ethambileyo ukuya kokuphakathi bangazibona zombini izinto ezikufutshane nezikude ngaphandle kwengxaki kuba izihlunu kunye neelensi zamehlo zinokutswina kakuhle kwaye i-hyperopia inokuphuculwa.
Q. Ngaba umbono wakho uza kuba mbi ukuba awuzinxibi iiglasi ngalo lonke ixesha?
A. Kunikezelwa iiglasi zamehlo ukuze ubone ngcono nokunciphisa ijwabu lomzimba elinokubangela iintlungu zamehlo, intloko nokuba nokudinwa.
Q. Ngaba i-hyperopia iya isiba mbi ngokuguga?
A. Njengokuba ubudala, umbono wakho uba lihlwempu. Ngeminyaka engama-40 ubudala, amehlo akho ngokwendalo aqala ukuphulukana namandla okujonga izinto ezisondeleyo, ezibizwa ngokuba yi-presbyopia. Ukuba i-presbyopia iba mbi, kokubini kufutshane nakude umbono uya kufiphala.
Q. Usohlula njani isigulana se-hyperopia (esibona kude) kwi-presbyopia (eqhelekileyo, ingxaki enxulumene nobudala ngombono kufutshane) isigulana njengoko singena neempawu zaso?
A. Zombini ezi meko zamehlo zinempawu ezifanayo zokucuthwa kufutshane nombono. Ukuba uvavanyo lwamehlo lwakho alubonisi silungiso kwaye ungaphezulu kweminyaka engama-40, kunokwenzeka ukuba ube ne-presbyopia, imeko apho ilensi yamehlo ilahlekelwa kukuhamba kwayo ibangela ukuncipha kufutshane nombono.
Kwaye abantu abangaphantsi kweminyaka engama-40 abangaziboniyo izinto ezisondeleyo banengxaki ye-hyperopia, eqinisekisiweyo ngovavanyo olubonisa impazamo ye-hyperopic refractive.
Jonga iZalathiso zeNqaku- [1]ICastagno, V. D., Fassa, A. G., Carret, M. L., Vilela, M. A., kunye neMeucci, R. D. (2014). Hyperopia: Uhlalutyo lwe-meta-lokuxhaphaka kunye nokuphononongwa kwezinto ezinxulumene phakathi kwabantwana abakwiminyaka yesikolo. I-BMC ophthalmology, 14, 163.
- [Mbini]Borchert, MS, Varma, R., Cotter, SA, Tarczy-Hornoch, K., McKean-Cowdin, R., Lin, JH,…. . Imiba yomngcipheko wehyperopia kunye ne-myopia kubantwana abasaqala isikolo kwizifo zamehlo zabantwana abahlukeneyo kunye neBaltimore yezifo zamehlo zezifo zamehlo.Ophthalmology, 118 (10), 1966-1973.
- [3]Iribarren, R., Hashemi, H., Khabazkhoob, M., Morgan, I. G., Emamian, M.H, Shariati, M., kunye neFotouhi, A. (2015). IHyperopia kunye neLens Power kuBantu abaDala: Isifundo seShahroud Eye. Ijenali yophando lwamehlo kunye nophando, 10 (4), 400-407.
- [4]UWilson, S. E. (2004). Ukusetyenziswa kwe-lasers yokulungiswa kombono wokubona kwangaphambili kunye nokubona kude. INew England Journal of Medicine, 351 (5), 470-475.
