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Ukuba uzama ukukhulelwa okwethutyana ngoku ngaphandle kwempumelelo, unokuyalelwa ngugqirha wakho ukuba athathele ingqalelo unyango lwezityalo. Amachiza okuchuma linyathelo lokuqala ekunyangeni iingxaki zokuzala kwaye ziyafumaneka kwabasetyhini nakumadoda.
Eli nqaku liza kugubungela ukuchuma iziyobisi kwabafazi, iintlobo ezikhoyo eIndiya, kunye neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokubakho kwezi ziyobisi zokuchuma.
Ukuchuma iziyobisi kwabafazi: Isebenza njani?
Amachiza okuchuma asebenza ngokwandisa iihormoni ezithile ezinceda ukuba zikhule kwaye zikhuphe iqanda elinye okanye nangaphezulu inyanga nganye. Ukuba u-ovulate ngokungaqhelekanga okanye ngokungahambi kakuhle, iziyobisi zokuzala zinokukunceda ukhulelwe [1] .
Amanye amayeza okuchuma alawulwa ngomlomo. Kwangelo xesha, abanye bayatofa kwaye basebenze ngendlela efanayo ngokukhuthaza ukukhutshwa kwehomoni ethi yona iqale inkqubo yokukhutshwa kweqanda. Iziyobisi zokuchuma ziyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yokuncedisa unyango lokukhulelwa, njenge-IVF [Mbini] .
Ukuba umfazi akakwazi ukukhulelwa okanye aqhubeke nokukhulelwa emva kokuzama ukukhulelwa iinyanga ezili-12 okanye ngaphezulu, unokucetyiswa unyango lokuchuma. Kubafazi abangaphezulu kweminyaka engama-35, oogqirha abaninzi bacebisa ukuba bafune unyango emva kweenyanga ezintandathu bezama ukukhulelwa.
Iindidi zeziyobisi zokuChuma kwabafazi
Iindidi ezininzi zamayeza okuzala kwabafazi ziyafumaneka namhlanje. Kubalulekile kuphela thatha amayeza okuzala phantsi kweliso legcisa lokuchuma okanye omnye ugqirha kuba, ngelixa uninzi lweziyobisi zokuchuma zikhuselekile kwaye zisebenza, ezinye zinokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga [3] .
Ezona ziyobisi zidumileyo zokuchuma kwabasetyhini (eIndiya) zezi zilandelayo:
- I-Clomiphene citrate efana neClomid kunye neSerophene
- Ii-Gonadotrophins ezinje nge-Antagon, Pergonal, Repronex kunye neMenopur
- Dopamine agonists ezinje ngeBromocriptine kunye neCabergoline
- Iziyobisi zeHeparin ezinje ngeHep-Lock okanye iLiquamin
- Metformin hydrochloride
- Follistim okanye iGonal-F
- Umkhuhlane
- UProfasi
- Novarel
(1) Clomiphene citrate (Clomid kunye neSerophene) : Olu hlobo lwamachiza okuchuma lusebenza ngokwenza umzimba wakho 'ukholelwe' ukuba amanqanaba e-estrogen asezantsi kwaye ngaloo ndlela kuvuselela i-FSH okanye i-follicle-evuselela i-hormone kunye ne-LH okanye i-hormone ye-luteinizing-eziyimfuneko ekukhulelweni ngempumelelo [4] . Imiphumela zibandakanya isicaphucaphu, ukugabha, ukutshintsha kwemozulu, ukuba nochuku, imvakalelo yokuthamba emabeleni, ukukhanya okutshisayo kunye nokoma kwilungu lobufazi. Ngamanye amaxesha, inokubangela ukukhulelwa okuninzi, njengamawele (iipesenti ezi-4-10) kunye no-kathathu (ipesenti enye).
(2) I-Gonadotrophins (iAntagon, iPergonal, iProneone kunye neMenopur) : Olu hlobo lwamachiza okuchuma lujoyiwe kwaye lwonyusa imveliso yehomoni ye-LH kunye ne-FSH. I-Gonadotrophins imiselwe abantu ababhinqileyo ekufuneka i-ovulation ilawulwe kolunye unyango kunye nakwiimeko ze-chemotherapy (njengoko ivala i-pituitary gland, imisa i-ovulation). Okuqhelekileyo imiphumela yintloko, ukungalali, ukukhanya okutshisayo kunye nokoma kwilungu lobufazi [5] .
(3) I-Dopamine agonists Oku kucetyiswa kwabasetyhini abane-hormone epractactin eninzi, ecutha amanqanaba e-estrogen estrogen, yiyo loo nto yenza ukuba kube nzima ukukhulelwa [6] . Xa isetyenziswa ngexesha lokuncedisa unyango lokukhulelwa, njenge-IVF, i-dopamine agonists inokunciphisa umngcipheko we-ovarian hyper-stimulation syndrome (ibangela ukuba ama-ovari adumbe) [7] . Ngokuqhelekileyo imiphumela kubandakanya ukudideka, ukudumba kwemilenze, ukulala kakhulu, indlela yokuziphatha enyanzelekileyo (enqabileyo).
(4) iziyobisi zeHeparin (iHep-Lock okanye iLiamin) : La machiza okuzala afakwe ukuthoba umngcipheko wokukhulelwa kwesisu kubafazi abanengxaki yokunqanda igazi, unobangela oqhelekileyo wokuzala [8] . Imiphumela zibandakanya umqolo, iintlungu zesisu, ukuwa kweenwele, irhashalala, ukopha kakhulu, kunye nenqanaba eliphezulu le-potassium egazini nazo ziye zabhalwa.
(5) iMetformin hydrochloride : Eli chiza lisetyenziswa ikakhulu kunyango lwesifo seswekile kwaye linokusetyenziselwa ukunyanga iingxaki ze-ovulation kwabasetyhini abane-polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) [9] . Amacwecwe asebenza ngokunciphisa amanqanaba ajikelezayo egazini egazini, anokunceda ukukhuthaza i-ovulation eqhelekileyo. Imiphumela kubandakanya ubuthathaka emzimbeni, urhudo, igesi, iintlungu zemisipha, iswekile esezantsi yegazi, iintlungu zesisu njl.
(6) Follistim okanye uGonal-F Inguqulelo yokwenziwa kwe-FSH yendalo, le follicle-ikhuthaza i-hormone ibangela ukuba amaqanda akhule kwaye avuselele ukukhula kwamaqanda amaninzi kwi-IVF ephumeleleyo. [10] . Inokwenzeka imiphumela kubandakanya intloko ebuhlungu, ukuqaqamba kwemisipha, ukutshintsha kwemozulu njengokucaphuka okuphezulu kunye nokuthamba kwamabele.
(7) Pregnyl, Profasi kunye noNovarel : La machiza okuchuma asebenza ngendlela efanayo. Zikhuthaza ukuvuthwa kwamaqanda kwaye zikhutshwe kwi-follicle ngokukhuthaza imveliso yehomoni ye-hCG kwinkqubo. Inokwenzeka imiphumela zibandakanya isicaphucaphu, ukugabha kunye neentlungu esiswini.
Phawula : Ugqirha wakho uya kukwazisa malunga neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokubakho zala machiza. Ukuba ufumanisa ukuba unengxaki kwaye ungonwabanga okanye uqaqanjelwa, fumana unyango kwangoko.
Kwinqaku lokugqibela ...
Abasetyhini abangenamaxesha aqhelekileyo kunye nabasetyhini abaneemeko zonyango ezinokuchaphazela ukukhulelwa, ezinje nge-UTIs, ukutyeba kakhulu, iBP njl., Kufuneka bathethe nogqirha ngaphambi kokuzama ukukhulelwa.
