Usulelo lweHuman Papillomavirus (HPV): Iimpawu, oonobangela, izinto ezinobungozi, unyango kunye nothintelo

Amagama Aphezulu Ebantwaneni

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Usulelo lwe-human papillomavirus (HPV) sisifo esixhaphakileyo esenzeka ikakhulu ngenxa yokunxibelelana nolusu nolusu ^[1] . Ukutshintshwa kwenzeka ikakhulu ngenxa yokwabelana ngesondo kwaye ke, amadoda nabafazi abelana ngesondo yeyona nto bajolise kuyo.

I-HPV ihlala isasazeka ngexesha lokwabelana ngesondo ezimpundwini, kwilungu lobufazi okanye emlonyeni. Iyadlula ukusuka kumntu osulelekileyo iye kumntu ophilileyo ngexesha lokwabelana ngesondo. Nangona kunjalo, ukulala ngesondo ngokungenayo akuyomfuneko ukuba intsholongwane idlulise njengoko inokudlulisela ngokubanzi ngokunxibelelana nolusu kunye nezitho zangasese ezosulelekileyo, ngakumbi nge-mucus kwilungu lobudoda, endunu, kwilungu lobufazi okanye kwilungu lobufazi ^[Mbini] . I-HPV ingadlula nokuba umntu akanazimpawu zesifo. Elinye ilungu lomzimba elichaphazelayo ngumqala, ulwimi, isandla kunye neenyawo.

Uninzi lwabantu lunengxaki yosulelo lwe-HPV ubuncinci kube kanye ebomini babo. Kwabanye abantu, iyazimela kodwa kwezinye iimeko, inokubangela imicimbi yezempilo enje ngomhlaza kunye neentsumpa zomzimba. Ukuthetha malunga neentlobo zayo, kukho iintlobo ezili-100 ezahlukeneyo ze-HPV ngaphandle kwazo ezili-14 ezinobungozi obuphezulu bentsholongwane ejongene nomhlaza ^[3] .

Iimpawu zoSuleleko lweNtsholongwane yePapillomavirus

NgokwamaZiko oLawulo lweNtsholongwane kunye noThintelo, iipesenti ezingama-90 zosulelo zihamba zodwa kwisithuba seminyaka emi-2. Abanye abantu abazibonakalisi iimpawu nangona intsholongwane ikhona emzimbeni wabo kodwa iyosasazeka kwabanye ngokungazi emva kokwabelana ngesondo.

Xa i-HPV idluliselwa komnye umntu, iimpawu ziqala ukubonisa kwaye zisekwe kwinto enye, ugqirha unokuchonga ukuba loluphi uhlobo lwe-HPV oludluliselwa emzimbeni wabo. Iindidi ezahlukeneyo ze-HPV zibangela iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeempawu ezi zilandelayo:

• Iimfazwe zomzimba: Kubonakala ikakhulu kwilungu lobudoda, isiraphu, i-vulva, i-anus, kunye nelungu lobufazi. Ziye zachongwa njengezilonda ezithe tyaba, iziqu ezifana nesiqu, okanye amaqhuma afana nekholifulawa ^[4] .
• Iintsumpa zezityalo: Ubunzima bazo ikakhulu zinobunzima kwaye zimile kwaye zibonakala kwizithende nakwiibhola zeenyawo ^[5] .
• Iimfazwe eziqhelekileyo: Ezi ntsumpa zichongiwe njengamaqhuma aphakanyisiweyo erhabaxa kwenzeka ikakhulu ezandleni nasemnweni ^[6] .
• Iimfazwe: Oku kwenzeka ikakhulu ebusweni, kwindawo yeendevu, kunye nasemilenzeni echongwe sisilonda esithe tyaba kunye esirhabaxa ^[7] .
• Iintsumpa ze-Oropharyngeal: Ziza ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo kunye nobukhulu kwaye zenzeka ikakhulu kwiindawo zomlomo njengolwimi kunye neetoni ^[8] .

Unobangela wosulelo lomntu lwePapillomavirus

Izizathu ezininzi zinoxanduva lokusasazeka kwe-HPV. Ezinye zezizathu eziphambili zezi zilandelayo:

• Sika kulusu, ukukrazuka kolusu, okanye ukukhutshwa kolusu ukuvumela intsholongwane ukuba ingene ngokulula kulusu.
• Ukudibana nolusu olosulelekileyo.
• Ukwabelana ngesondo okanye ukudibana namalungu angasese asulelekileyo.
• Ukuba umama okhulelweyo wosulelwe yintsholongwane, usulelo lunokudluliselwa emntwaneni wakhe.
• Ukuphuzana, njengoko usulelo lunokudluliselwa ngomlomo ukuba lukho emlonyeni / emqaleni womntu ^[9] .
• Ukutshaya, xa intsholongwane ikhona emlonyeni womntu osulelekileyo kwaye idluliselwa kwabanye ngelixa babelana ngecuba ^[10] .

Imiba yomngcipheko wosulelo lwePapillomavirus yabantu

Njengoko i-HPV iphakathi kokosuleleka okuqhelekileyo, kukho izinto ezinobungozi abantu ekufuneka bazazi ukuthintela ukudluliselwa kwentsholongwane emzimbeni wabo.

Izinto ezinobungozi zezi zilandelayo:

• Ukuba namaqabane esini amaninzi
• Ukusika okanye iinyembezi emzimbeni
• Ukuzikhusela okuphantsi ^{[Shumi elinanye]} .
• Ishawa yoluntu okanye ibhafu yokuqubha yoluntu.

Ukuchongwa kwesifo sePapillomavirus

Ngokwesiqhelo, ingcali yezonyango inokuchonga i-HPV ngokulula ngokujonga okubonakalayo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba kufuneka, banokuya kwiimvavanyo ezinje

• Uvavanyo lwepap smear ^[12] ,
• Uvavanyo lweDNA, kunye
• Uvavanyo lwesisombululo se-acetic acid.

I-HPV kumalungu esini sowasetyhini ngamanye amaxesha inokukhokelela kumhlaza womlomo wesibeleko. Kwimeko apho, ukuvavanywa kwezilonda zangaphambi komhlaza kwenziwa yinkqubo ebizwa ngokuba yiLoop Electrosurgical Excision Procedure (LEEP) kunye ne-cryotherapy ^[13] .

Unyango lweNtsholongwane kaGawulayo

Unyango losulelo luxhomekeke kuhlobo lwentsholongwane echaphazela umntu. Kwiimeko ezininzi, usulelo aludingi kunyangwa kodwa kwiimeko ezinzima, unyango olungenelelayo luyafuneka. I-HPV inokunyangwa nge

• Amayeza anokusetyenziswa ngqo kwizilonda. Umzekelo, amayeza aqukethe i-salicylic acid, i-Trichloroacetic acid kunye ne-Imiquimod.
• Unyango lotyando lubandakanya ukutshisa intsholongwane ngombane okanye ukubanda kwendawo enesifo nge-nitrogen engamanzi kwimeko yeentsumpa.
• IColposcopy ^[14] Ukuchonga naziphi na izilonda zesibeleko ezinokubangela umhlaza womlomo wesibeleko.

Ungaluthintela njani usulelo lweHuman Papillomavirus

Zininzi iindlela umntu anokuthintela ngazo ukusasazeka kwesifo. Amanyathelo othintelo zezi zilandelayo:

• Ukuba uneentsumpa ezandleni zakho, musa ukuluma iinzipho okanye uzikhuphe.
• Nxiba izihlangu zakho xa undwendwela amachibi oluntu. Musa ukuhamba unganxibanga zihlangu kwigumbi lokutshixa.
• Sebenzisa ikhondom ukunqanda ukudluliselwa kwe-HPV.
• Hlala kubudlelwane bomntu omnye, ubudlelwane bezesondo kunye neqabane elinye.
• Musa ukuthatha iisigarethi kumntu ongenanto.
• Kuphephe ukunxiba izihlangu zabanye abantu okanye iimpahla zangaphakathi.

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