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Umbhali onobukrakra kunye nowasetyhini, u-Ismat Chughtai akadingi kungeniswa kuncwadi lwesiUrdu. Uzalelwe i-21 ka-Agasti, i-1915, unyaka we-2019 uphawula isikhumbuzo seminyaka eyi-104 sokuzalwa kuka-Ismat Chughtai. Wayesoloko ebizwa ngokuba 'yiGrande Dame ye-Urdu fiction', njengoko wayethethelela inkululeko yokuthetha ngokubhala kwakhe.
Ayizukuphosakela ukuthi u-Ismat Chughtai wayephethe iflegi yokuxhotyiswa kwabasetyhini. Wayephawulwe njengowesifazane oguqukayo ngenxa yobume bakhe bokuthetha ngokungafaniyo kunye nesimbo sokubhala esinempikiswano ngesini, ungquzulwano lweklasi, kunye nobufazi.
UIsmat Chughtai akazange avumele nabani na ukuba amdlule ngenxa yesini sakhe okanye udidi. Wayenesibindi kwaye ezithembile ngokwaneleyo ukuba angaveza iingcinga zakhe nanini na xa ejongene nengcinezelo nangaluphi na uhlobo. Ngenxa yendalo yakhe eyoyikekayo, waba ngumntu obalaseleyo kuncwadi lwesiUrdu.
U-Chughtai ubhalele iimpapasho ezininzi e-Aligarh, e-Uttar Pradesh, kodwa wafumana udumo kunye nokugxekwa ngo-Lihaaf, ibali lezesini labasetyhini elisekwe kwi-Begum Jaan kunye ne-masseuse yakhe. Ezinye ukubhala kwakhe okuphumeleleyo nguGainda, Intikhab, iTerhi Lakeer, iGaram Hawa, nezinye ezininzi.
UIsmat Chughtai waphefumlelwa nguRashid Jahan, umbhali obhinqileyo ophambili ngelo xesha, ukuba abhale iindima eziyinyani nezicel'umngeni zabalinganiswa ababhinqileyo kumabali akhe. Ngezo ntsuku xa abantu basetyhini babengavunyelwa ukuba bathethe ngengqondo yabo okanye baqhubeke nemfundo, u-Chughtai ngokuzithemba wagqiba isidanga sakhe kwaye waphuma njengombhali obalulekileyo wabasetyhini kunye nenkuthazo kwizigidi zabasetyhini.
Iingcaphuno ezikhuthazayo nguIsmat Chughtai
- 'Ndibhalile kwaye ndiyabhala ngoku ndithethayo, ngolwimi olulula kakhulu, hayi ulwimi lokubhala'.
- 'Ngeminyaka yam, abanye oodadewethu babexakekile bezoba abantu abathandayo ngelixa ndisilwa nayo nayiphi na inkwenkwe okanye intombazana endandibaleka kuyo'.
- Ndihlala ndicinga ngesiqu sam kuqala njengomntu kwaye emva koko ndingumfazi '.
- U-Amma wayehlala engakuthandi ukudlala kwam namakhwenkwe. Khawundixelele, ngaba batya abantu ukuba bangamtya isithandwa sakhe?
- 'Utata wam waqonda ukuba intombi yakhe yayisoyikeka kwaye kwakungekho nto anokuyenza ngayo'.
- Andicingi ukuba amadoda nabafazi ziindidi ezimbini ezahlukeneyo zabantu. Njengomntwana, bendihlala ndinyanzelisa ekwenzeni yonke into eyenziwa ngabantakwethu '.
