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Chaitra Navratri 2021: Umhla, iMuhurta, izithethe kunye nokubaluleka kwalo mnyhadala Ungaphoswa
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Ngokwe-calender yamaHindu, inyanga kaVaishakh yenye yezona nyanga zibalulekileyo. Sibhiyozela imibhiyozo emininzi kule nyanga, nokuba ziintsuku ezibalulekileyo ngeenkwenkwezi okanye njengezikhumbuzo zokuzalwa kwabantu abathile abangcwele, izilumko kunye neengcwele.
Nge-20 ka-Epreli, kwazalwa uAdi Shankaracharya, ekukholelwa ukuba ngumzimba weNkosi Shiva. Ingcwele, ifilosofi kunye nomfundi wezenkolo, wayengenguye kuphela umxhasi wefilosofi ka-Advaita Vedanta, kodwa naye wazisa iinkolelo eziphambili zobuHindu.
Uzalelwe njengentsikelelo yeNkosi Shiva
Wazalwa malunga neminyaka eyi-1200 eyadlulayo kwilali egama linguKaalti, malunga neekhilomitha ezi-5-6 ukusuka eCochin. Wayephuma kusapho lakwaBrahmin. Abanye bade bathi wazalelwa eChidambaram, oku kudideka kulapho ngenxa yokunqongophala kweerekhodi ezaneleyo.
Abazali bakhe kwafuneka balinde iminyaka emininzi umntwana ngaphambi kokuba azalwe. Babenqula u-Lord Shiva ngako konke ukuzinikela ukuze bazalisekise umnqweno wabo. Ekugqibeleni, bexolile ngokuzinikezela kwabo kunye nokholo lwabo kuThixo, u-Lord Shiva wabonakala ephupheni labo wacela umnqweno wabo. Esi sibini sichaze umnqweno wabo womntwana osikelelwe ngobomi obude kunye nodumo. INkosi kodwa ivumile ngokunika enye yezi ntsikelelo zimbini, bacela le yokugqibela. Babefuna ukubona umntwana efumana igama elihle kwaye esaziwa kwihlabathi liphela. Yiyo loo nto babusiswa ngoShankara, ngoku esimaziyo njengoShankaracharya. Nangona kunjalo, utata wakhe wasweleka xa uShankara wayeneminyaka emithathu kuphela ubudala.
UShankaracharya Njengomntwana oqaqambileyo
Intsingiselo yokoqobo ka-Acharya nguGugu. Ngokufana nabanye abantu abangcwele ababonwe yindalo yonke ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, uShankaracharya naye wayenomdla wokulahlwa kwehlabathi. Wayefuna ukuphila ubomi bodwa. Wayengumntwana okrelekrele njalo. Wafunda isiMalayalam eneminyaka emithathu kuphela. Wayefunde zonke iiVeda eneminyaka esixhenxe. Wayede wayinkqaya yonke i-Shastras eneminyaka elishumi elinesibini. Ayisiyiyo le kuphela, ukwabizwa ukuba ubhale ngaphezulu kwe-100 yeGranthas eneminyaka elishumi elinesithandathu kuphela.
UShankaracharya uyaliLahla ilizwe
UShankara wayekhe waphuma nomama wakhe. Ngelixa bafikayo kufutshane nonxweme lomlambo, wabona ingwenya isiza ngakuye. Waxelela umama wakhe ukuba kufuneka amyeke athathe indawo yokulahla kwihlabathi kungenjalo ingwenya ingamtya. Wayesoloko engavumelani nalo mbono wakhe ngamanye amaxesha. Ukuva oku, umama wakhe, owayelinenekazi elithandwayo, wamyeka. Ukusuka kwindawo enye, kukholelwa ukuba wemka waya kuhlala yedwa. Ke, wathatha ubomi bokuhlala yedwa eneminyaka esibhozo.
UShankaracharya Njengesithandi sobulumko
UShankaracharya wenza uGovinda Bhagvatapada utitshala wakhe. Uqhube intlanganiso no-Kumarika kunye no-Prabhakara. Babengabafundi besikolo saseMimasa samaHindu. Wade wadibana neBuddhist eShastraarth. I-Shashtraarth yintlanganiso yezithandi zobulumko zikawonke-wonke apho kuqhutywa khona iingxoxo.
Wayegxeka isikolo saseMimasa samaHindu waza wafumanisa umehluko phakathi kobuHindu nobuBuddha. Wema ngelithi nangona ubuHindu busithi umphefumlo ukho, ubuBhuda bona buthetha ukuba umphefumlo awukho.
UShankaracharya waququzelela amahlelo alishumi amaHindu eengcwele phantsi kweMathas ezine. Aba bakwaMathas abadumileyo, esibaziyo njengoDwarka, Jagannath Puri, Badrinath noSringeri.
U-Guru Shankaracharya ukwazise inkqubo yokunqula ngaxeshanye oothixo abahlanu, u-Lord Ganesha, u-Lord Surya, u-Lord Vishnu, u-Lord Shiva no-Devi. Wayekholelwa ukuba ezi zithixo zintlanu ziifom zeBrahma kuphela.
Wabhala amagqabantshintshi ngeBhagvata Geeta, i-vedas kunye ne-puranas. UBrahma Sutra, uBrahmabhashya no-Updesh Sahasri yeyona misebenzi yakhe idumileyo kwaye waqamba imibongo kaKrishna noShiva, eyaziwa ngokuba yiStotras.
Wayekholelwa kwifilosofi yomphefumlo nomphefumlo ophakamileyo. Ngelixa umphefumlo, wayekholelwa, uqhubeka uzitshintsha, owona moya uphezulu uhlala ngokusisigxina, ukuyo yonke indawo kwaye awuguquki.
Wawushiya umzimba eneminyaka engama-32. Isikhumbuzo somhla wokuzalwa kwakhe sibhiyozelwa ngenzondelelo yenkolo, ngakumbi kwiiMathas ezine. Unempembelelo engenakuthelekiswa nanto kubuHindu. Nokuba ifilosofi ka-Advaita Vendanta okanye eminye imisebenzi yakhe, uhlala ethembekile ebantwini. UShankaracharya waphila ubomi obuyimpumelelo besilumko kwaye wakhokelwa kwaye wagcinwa konke. Ubomi bakhe kunye nemisebenzi yakhe yaba nempembelelo enkulu kubuHindu.
