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UAvul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam, odume ngokuba ngu-APJ Abdul Kalam, wazalwa nge-15 ka-Okthobha u-1931 eRameswaram, eTamil Nadu. Wazalelwa kwintsapho yamaTamil yamaSilamsi, utata wakhe wayengumnini wesikhephe kunye nonina ongumama wasekhaya. UAbdul Kalam wayengoyena mncinci kubantakwabo abane kwaye babenodade omnye. Ngexesha lokufunda kwakhe, wayengumfundi oqaqambileyo kwaye owayesebenza nzima owayenomnqweno onamandla wokufunda.
U-Abdul Kalam ubizwa ngothando njengo 'Mntu oMnyama waseIndiya'. Ngomhla wokuzalwa kwakhe, makhe sijonge ezinye zezibakala kunye nezicatshulwa malunga nalowo wayesakuba nguMongameli wase-India.
Iinyani malunga no-APJ Abdul Kalam
1. Kwiminyaka emihlanu, waqala ukuthengisa amaphephandaba ukuxhasa usapho kwaye wenza lo msebenzi emva kweeyure zesikolo.
2. Wagqiba imfundo yakhe eSchwartz Higher Secondary School, eRamanathapuram. Wayekuthanda ukufunda iFizikiki neMathematika esikolweni.
3. Wagqiba izifundo zakhe e-Saint Joseph's College, e-Trichurapally ngo-1954 nango-1955, wabhalisa e-Madras Institute of Technology.
4. U-Kalam waphumelela kwi-Madras Institute of Technology kwaye wajoyina i-Aeronautical Development Establishment of the Defense Research and Development Organisation ngo-1960 njengesazinzulu.
5. Ngo-1969, wathunyelwa kwi-Indian Space Research Organisation (i-ISRO) apho wayengumlawuli weprojekthi ye-India's Satellite Launch Vehicle yokuqala.
6. Ngexesha lika-1970-1990, u-Abdul Kalam waqulunqa i-Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) kunye neeprojekthi ze-SLV-III, ezaziphumelele.
7. Ukususela ngoJulayi 1991 ukuya kuDisemba 1999, u-APJ Abdul Kalam usebenze njengoMcebisi oyiNtloko kwezeNzululwazi kwi-Nkulumbuso kunye no-Nobhala we-Defense Research and Development Organisation.
8. U-Kalam wahlonitshwa ngamabhaso amaninzi, kubandakanya nelona bhaso liphezulu labemi kweli, iBharat Ratna (1997), uPadma Bhushan (1981) noPadma Vibhushan (1990).
9. Ukususela ngo-2002 ukuya ku-2007 usebenze njengo-Mongameli we-11 wase-India.
10. U-Kalam ufumene i-doctorate ze-7 ezihloniphekileyo kwiiyunivesithi ezingama-40.
11. Kwi-2011, imovie ye-Bollywood egama lingu, 'NdinguKalam' yaveliswa, esekwe kubomi bakhe.
12. Ngo-Meyi ka-2012, uKalam wasungula inkqubo ebizwa ngokuba yintoni endinokuyinika intshukumo, yokoyisa urhwaphilizo.
13. UKalam wayekuthanda kakhulu ukudlala isixhobo somculo uVeena.
14. Emva kokushiya isikhundla sakhe sobumongameli, uKalam waba ngunjingalwazi kwi-Indian Institute of Management Shillong, i-Indian Institute of Management Ahmedabad, kunye ne-Indian Institute of Management Indore.
15. U-Abdul Kalam wayengumntu obekekileyo kwi-Indian Institute of Science, e-Bangalore, u-Chancellor we-Indian Institute of Space Science and Technology u-Thiruvananthapuram kunye no Njingalwazi we-Aerospace Engineering e-Anna University.
Ngomhla wama-27 kuJulayi ngo-2015, ngethuba esenza intetho kwi-Indian Institute of Management Shillong, uKalam wawa phantsi wabhubha ngenxa yokubanjwa kwentliziyo.
Iingcaphuno zika-APJ Abdul Kalam
'Kufuneka uphuphe ngaphambi kokuba amaphupha akho azaliseke.'
'Ungaze uyeke ukulwa de ufike kwindawo yakho emiselweyo-oko kukuthi, wahlukile kuwe. Yiba nenjongo ebomini, ngokuqhubekayo ufumane ulwazi, sebenza nzima, kwaye ube nomonde wokufumana obona bomi bumnandi.
Musa ukuphumla emva kokuphumelela kwakho kokuqala kuba ukuba uyasilela kweyesibini, imilebe emininzi ilinde ukuthi uloyiso lwakho lokuqala lwaluyinyhweba.
Ukufundisa ngumsebenzi ohloniphekileyo obumba umlingiswa, ubungakanani kunye nekamva lomntu. Ukuba abantu bayandikhumbula njengomfundisi olungileyo, iya kuba lelona wonga libalaseleyo kum. '
'Phupha, Phupha Iphupha
Amaphupha aguqula abe ziingcinga
Kwaye iingcinga zikhokelela kwizenzo. '
'Ukuba kulandelwa izinto ezine-ukuba nenjongo enkulu, ukufumana ulwazi, ukusebenza nzima kunye nokunyamezela-ke nantoni na inokufezekiswa.'
'Jonga esibhakabhakeni. Asisodwa. Indalo iphela inobuhlobo kuthi kwaye yenza iyelenqe lokunika okona kulungileyo kwabo baphuphayo kwaye basebenzayo.
'Ukucinga yikomkhulu, ishishini yindlela, ukusebenza nzima sisisombululo.'
Yiba nomdla! Thatha uxanduva! Sebenzela izinto okholelwa kuzo. Ukuba awukwenzi oko, unikezela ngekamva lakho kwabanye. '
'Akufunekanga sinikezele kwaye asivumelekanga ukuba ingxaki isoyise.'
