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Ngexesha lokukhulelwa, umzimba udlula kuthotho lweenguqu. Isibeleko siyanda ukuze kulungiselelwe usana olukhulayo. Ngoku, ngaphakathi kwesibeleko, i-placenta iyakhula. Eyona njongo yayo kukubonelela ngokutya kunye neoksijini kumntwana okhulayo kunye nokususa inkunkuma enetyhefu emzimbeni wakhe. Nje ukuba umntwana abeleke, i-placenta yenza indlela yokuphuma emzimbeni.
Ngoku, emva kokuqonda indima kunye nobomi be-placenta, kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba indawo ye-placenta ihlala ibonwa iphantsi kwiintsuku zokuqala zokukhulelwa kwaye ayingonobangela wokukhathazeka.
Nangona kunjalo, ukuba kwa oko kuyaqhubeka ukuba sezantsi nakwizigaba zamva, kulapho ke kufanele ukuba soyike. Le meko yaziwa ngonyango njenge-placenta praevia. Kweli nqaku, siza kuthetha ngemiba yomngcipheko ehambelana noku imeko enxulumene nokukhulelwa kwaye ndikuxelele konke okufuneka ukwazi malunga nokufanayo.
1. Oonobangela bePlacenta Praevia
· Imbali yotyando yangaphambili
Indawo akuyo umntwana
· Anatomy kunye nendlela yokuphila
2. Kwenzeka ntoni ukuba unePlacenta Praevia?
· Ukopha kancinci
· Ukopha kakhulu
· Ukopha okungalawulekiyo
3. Iingxaki zePlacenta elele phantsi
· Iplacenta accrete
· Amanqaku angaphambili
Oonobangela bePlacenta Praevia
Kwezonyango, kunzima kakhulu ukuba umntu achaze isizathu esinye sale meko. Oku kulandelayo zezinye zezinto ezinokubangela le meko:
· Imbali yotyando yangaphambili
Abasetyhini abaphantsi koxinzelelo kunye nonyango (i-D & C) okanye ukususwa ngotyando kwe-uterine fibroids banokubandezeleka koku. Le meko ayifane ibonwe nakwabanye abasetyhini ekukhulelweni kwabo kokuqala.
Abo bahambise usana olunye okanye nangaphezulu kwixa elidlulileyo ngokuhanjiswa kwe-caesarean bahlupheka koku rhoqo kunabalingane babo. Ngaphandle kwalokhu, ukuxilongwa kwangaphambili kwe-placenta praevia okanye ukuphuma kwesisu kunokuba sisizathu salo meko.
Indawo akuyo umntwana
Ukuba umntwana ukwisikhundla somoya opholileyo kunye neempundu zibekwe kuqala, ke kukho amathuba aphezulu e-placenta praevia. Kuye kwaqatshelwa ukuba kwimeko yabasetyhini abathwele abantwana babo kwindawo ethe tyaba ngapha kwesibeleko, amathuba okuba ne-placenta praevia kwinqanaba eliphambili lokukhulelwa liphezulu kakhulu.
· Anatomy kunye nendlela yokuphila
Umngcipheko wale meko uphezulu phakathi kwabasetyhini abakhulelweyo emva kokuba beneminyaka engama-35. Abafazi abakwimikhwa efana nokusela nokutshaya bahlala bebonwa bephuhlisa le meko. Ngaphandle kwaleyo, ukuthetha ngokwembono ye-anatomical, ukuba nesibeleko esimile ngokungaqhelekanga okanye iplacenta enkulu kukonyusa namathuba akho ngokufanayo.
Kwenzeka ntoni ukuba unePlacenta Praevia?
Iindidi ezahlukeneyo ze-placenta praevia zifunyaniswa sisixa sokuphuma kwegazi ekufuneka umama eye kuso. Ngokusekwe kuloo nto, ugqirha wamabhinqa ucebisa ngendlela efanelekileyo yesenzo.
· Ukopha kancinci
Le meko inokuqwalaselwa kwaye ukuhanjiswa okukhuselekileyo kunokuqinisekiswa. Eyona nto ixhaphakileyo eyenziwa ngoogqirha kweli lizwe kukucebisa abasetyhini abakhulelweyo ukuba baphumle kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Aba bafazi kufuneka bazigcine kude nakoluphi na uhlobo lomthambo okanye isenzo sokwabelana ngesondo ukuya kuthi ga kwinqanaba lokuba kufuneka beme kuphela xa kunyanzelekile ukuba benze njalo.
Ngapha koko, kule meko, kuhlala kubonwa ukuba ngokusebenza kancinci kwinqanaba leqela elilungiselela yena, kunokwenzeka ukuba umfazi okhulelweyo azale nelungu lobufazi.
· Ukopha kakhulu
Kule meko, oogqirha bahlala becela indawo yokulala esibhedlele ngecandelo le-C lokuhambisa. Kuba kukho umngcipheko omkhulu wokuzalwa ngaphambi kwexesha, inaliti ye-corticosteroid inokufuneka ukuba inikwe umama ukukhawulezisa ukukhula kwemiphunga yomncinci.
Oogqirha banokulindela ukulahleka kwegazi okuphezulu ngexesha lokuzalwa komntwana kwaye ke bakulungele ukutofelwa igazi ukuba kukho imfuneko yoko.
· Ukopha okungalawulekiyo
Le yimeko egqithileyo kwaye oogqirha apha abashiywanga ngaphandle kokhetho oluninzi ngaphandle kokuya kuncedo olukhawulezileyo lokubeleka. Akufuneki ukuba, kule meko, amathuba okusinda komntwana amfiliba.
Iingxaki zePlacenta elele phantsi
Kukho amathuba ezinye iingxaki ukuba i-placenta ilele phantsi.
· Iplacenta accrete
Le yimeko enye xa i-placenta ingekho nje enkulu kodwa iyagxininiswa kwiindonga zesibeleko kangangokuba iyala ukuphuma nasemva kokubeleka. Le meko inokuchongwa kwinyanga yesibhozo yokukhulelwa kunye nocwangciso olufanelekileyo, kunokwenzeka ukuba ujongane nokopha kakhulu okunokwenzeka ngexesha lokuhanjiswa.
· Amanqaku angaphambili
Kule meko kwenzeka ntoni kukuba imithambo yegazi ephuma kwinkaba ibaleke iqonde ngqo kwiimbumba ezigqume umlomo wesibeleko. Kuba umaleko okhuselayo we-placenta okanye i-umbilical cord ilahlekile kwezi, ziphantsi kwenani elifanelekileyo lokonakala.
Nangona le meko inqabile (ngakumbi kwabasetyhini abavela e-Indian subcontinent), inyani kukuba ngokuqonda okufanelekileyo kwinxalenye yomfazi okhulelweyo kunye nokulungiselela kwicandelo lezonyango elifanele ukuhambisa usana, le meko inakho kujongwana nayo kakuhle kwaye ukuzalwa komntwana okunempilo kunokuqinisekiswa.
Le meko ihlala ifunyaniswa yi-transabdominal ultrasound enokwenzeka naphi na ukuqala kwekota yesibini yokukhulelwa.
Ke, ngelixa uthetha nge-placenta iphantsi ngexesha lokukhulelwa, kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba akukho sizathu sokuba uphume ngokufanayo kwiinyanga ezimbalwa zokuqala. Uninzi lweemeko apho le meko iqatshelwe kwikota yokuqala ukuya ekubeni nokukhulelwa okunempilo kamva.
Nokuba i-placenta iqatshelwe ukuba iphantsi kwi-trimester yokugqibela, ngamanyathelo afanelekileyo okhuseleko kwinxalenye yomfazi okhulelweyo kunye neqela lokutya kuye, kunokwenzeka ukuba ube nosana olukhuselekileyo nolusempilweni.
